Romans 16:24
The Grace Benediction
Reading Supported
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
Variant Issue
Modern editions omit Romans 16:24 from this location, while the KJV/TR includes the benediction.
Quick read
Romans 16:24 is included by Byzantine and later witnesses, with strong early Greek support against the verse at this location.
Support category
Byzantine and lectionary support
Sources used
INTF NTVMR; ECM where published/available; NA/UBS apparatuses; Tyndale House Greek New Testament apparatus; passage-specific manuscript studies where applicable
Manuscript Count Snapshot
Manuscript evidence at a glance.
Greek support
Hundreds of Byzantine Greek manuscripts
Greek against
Strong early Greek support against, plus several named witnesses
Support category
Byzantine and lectionary support
Lectionary support
Greek lectionaries contain the verse
Main evidence against
P46, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi, 33, 81, 1739
Evidence Summary
Byzantine and lectionary support
Romans 16:24 is included by Byzantine and later witnesses, with strong early Greek support against the verse at this location.
Greek support
Hundreds of Byzantine Greek manuscripts
Against
Strong early Greek support against, plus several named witnesses
Patristic
None listed
Site Summary Score
62% for / 38% against
A site-level summary from the Greek manuscript count plus the Latin, Syriac, Coptic, patristic, lectionary, and printed evidence listed for this passage.
For the KJV/TR reading: 62% site summary score
Against or alternate readings: 38% site summary score
Greek support snapshot: Hundreds of Byzantine Greek manuscripts
Greek against snapshot: Strong early Greek support against, plus several named witnesses